forum Period Crap
Started by Deleted user
tune

people_alt 70 followers

Deleted user

Í͕̪̲̲̌ͧ͑ ̦̖̮̈́̔͋w̲̞͙͈̺̹ͥ͛͌ͧ͐̅̂͌̿a̙̺̲̳̠̹̣͋͗̽̚ͅñ̬̟ͤt̟͕͓̥̄̿̈̔͛̅ͥ ̣̥̍̓̈͐̎ͧͤt̩̻̠͖̘͔̭͛͋o̹̹̫̙͆̀̈́ ͚͉̫̙̘̓͊̎d͕͇̙̤̪̩͉̍ͤͫ͊̀̚i̻̠͙̺͌ͥ̎͛͛̿ͅẹ͇̤̞͈͎̻͂͒͛̀

Deleted user

actually, its made of multiple types of gases but ok…. ozone, helium, oxygen, hydrogen, carbonite….

Deleted user

When theorists want to model a piece of matter — be it a drug molecule or a slab of metal — they often use software to calculate the behaviour of the material’s electrons. From this knowledge flows an understanding of numerous other properties: a protein’s reactivity, for instance, or how easily Earth’s liquid iron outer core conducts heat.

Most of this software is built on density functional theory (DFT), easily the most heavily cited concept in the physical sciences. Twelve papers on the top-100 list relate to it, including 2 of the top 10. At its heart, DFT is an approximation that makes impossible mathematics easy, says Feliciano Giustino, a materials physicist at the University of Oxford, UK. To study electronic behaviour in a silicon crystal by taking account of how every electron and every nucleus interacts with every other electron and nucleus, a researcher would need to analyse one sextillion (1021) terabytes of data, he says — far beyond the capacity of any conceivable computer. DFT reduces the data requirement to just a few hundred kilobytes, well within the capacity of a standard laptop.

Theoretical physicist Walter Kohn led the development of DFT half a century ago in papers20, 21 that now rank as numbers 34 and 39. Kohn realized that he could calculate a system’s properties, such as its lowest energy state, by assuming that each electron reacts to all the others not as individuals, but as a smeared-out average. In principle, the mathematics are straightforward: the system behaves like a continuous fluid with a density that varies from point to point. Hence the theory’s name.

But a few decades passed before researchers found ways to implement the idea for real materials, says Giustino. Two22, 23 top-100 papers are technical recipes on which the most popular DFT methods and software packages are built. One (number 8) is by Axel Becke, a theoretical chemist at Dalhousie University in Halifax, Canada, and the other (number 7) is by US-based theoretical chemists Chengteh Lee, Weitao Yang and Robert Parr. In 1992, computational chemist John Pople (who would share the 1998 Nobel prize with Kohn) included a form of DFT in his popular Gaussian software package.

Software users probably cite the original theoretical papers even if they do not fully understand the theory, says Becke. “The theory, mathematics and computer software are specialized and are the concern of quantum physicists and chemists,” he says. “But the applications are endless. At a fundamental level, DFT can be used to describe all of chemistry, biochemistry, biology, nanosystems and materials. Everything in our terrestrial world depends on the motions of electrons — therefore, DFT literally underlies everything.”

Deleted user

well uh, sorry to break it to you but
gas= farts.
you're wrong sorry.

@SaltyLasagna

I've got killer spiders here
they're called black widows
one was dangling in front of my face in biology yesterday and it took me a hella long time to notice